Legal recognition of non-binary gender

19 countries legally recognize non-binary or third gender identities.

DATE

Legal recognition of non-binary gender

Most countries around the world only legally recognize male and female on official documents such as passports, licenses, birth certificates, and other official identification documents. However, in recent years, some countries, provinces, and states have begun offering the ability for non-binary and intersex individuals to request a change to official documents.

Usually, official documents will be marked with an "X" gender marker (rather than "M" or "F" for male or female).

Summary

19
Recognized
19 regions (10%)
Recognized
3
Some recognition
3 regions (2%)
Some recognition
170
Not recognized
170 regions (86%)
Not recognized
6
Varied, unclear, or unknown laws
6 regions (3%)
Varied, unclear, or unknown laws
Europe
14%
LEGAL EQUALITY
Recognized
7 regions (14%)
Some recognition
regions (0%)
Not recognized
42 regions (84%)
Varied, unclear, or unknown laws
1 regions (2%)
Oceania
14%
LEGAL EQUALITY
Recognized
2 regions (14%)
Some recognition
regions (0%)
Not recognized
12 regions (86%)
Varied, unclear, or unknown laws
regions (0%)
South America
25%
LEGAL EQUALITY
Recognized
3 regions (25%)
Some recognition
regions (0%)
Not recognized
7 regions (58%)
Varied, unclear, or unknown laws
2 regions (17%)
North America
9%
LEGAL EQUALITY
Recognized
2 regions (9%)
Some recognition
regions (0%)
Not recognized
19 regions (83%)
Varied, unclear, or unknown laws
2 regions (9%)
Africa
2%
LEGAL EQUALITY
Recognized
1 regions (2%)
Some recognition
3 regions (6%)
Not recognized
50 regions (93%)
Varied, unclear, or unknown laws
regions (0%)
Asia
9%
LEGAL EQUALITY
Recognized
4 regions (9%)
Some recognition
regions (0%)
Not recognized
40 regions (91%)
Varied, unclear, or unknown laws
regions (0%)

Timeline of legal recognition of non-binary gender

Number of countries to legally recognize non-binary genders over the past 15 years.

Recent Changes

Legal recognition of non-binary gender by Country

Recognized

Legal recognition of non-binary gender is recognized in 19 regions.

  1. Asia (4)
  2. Bangladesh 2013
  3. India 2014
  4. Nepal 2013
  5. Pakistan 2023
  6. Europe (7)
  7. Austria 2025
  8. Belgium 2025
  9. Denmark 2014
  10. Germany 2024
  11. Iceland 2019
  12. Malta 2017
  13. Netherlands 2018
  14. North America (2)
  15. Canada 2019
  16. Costa Rica 2022
  17. Africa (1)
  18. Botswana 2017
  19. Oceania (2)
  20. Australia 2025
  21. New Zealand 2012
  22. South America (3)
  23. Argentina 2021
  24. Chile 2022
  25. Colombia 2022

Intersex only

Legal recognition of non-binary gender is intersex only in 3 regions.

  1. Africa (3)
  2. Kenya 2022
  3. Mauritius 2021
  4. Morocco 2021

Not legally recognized

Legal recognition of non-binary gender is not legally recognized in 170 regions.

Varied, unclear, or unknown laws

Data on legal recognition of non-binary gender is unclear, not applicable, or missing in 6 regions.

  1. Europe (1)
  2. Spain Varies by Region
  3. North America (2)
  4. Mexico Varies by Region
  5. United States Varies by Region
  6. South America (2)
  7. Brazil Varies by Region
  8. Uruguay Ambiguous
  9. Antarctica (1)
  10. Antarctica N/A

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