In 1997 the High Court of Australia ruled that Tasmania's anti-gay laws were inconsistent with federal law, and Tasmania (the final jurisdiction with contrary laws) was forced to decriminalise homosexuality.

Same-sex marriage has been legal in Australia since 9 December 2017. The legislation to allow same-sex marriage, the Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017, passed the Australian Parliament on 7 December 2017 and received royal assent from the Governor-General the following day.

Not mentioned in law, not punished either. Bias of coverage is more based on media concentration.

Federal: legal, surgery not required from 2013 under the Australian Government Guidelines on the Recognition of Sex and Gender. According to ILGA, at least three subnational jurisdictions require surgeries.

By region: Most states don't allow you to change your gender marker more than once in a 12-month period. The High Court of Australia has ruled that gender reassignment surgery does not need to be comprehensive, just be socially identifiable as your preferred gender.
• Any government department that operates at a federal level does not require surgery.
• In NSW a gender marker change requires GRS, top surgery, or orchiectomy.
• In Queensland gender change requires an application confirming surgery or proof of reassignment surgery.
• In South Australia no surgery is required, only proof of psychological counseling.
• In Tasmania no surgery is required, they may require proof of psychological counseling for persons under 18.
• In Victoria no surgery is required, you just have to attest you are the gender you claim.
• In Western Australia surgery is not required.
• In Northern Territory clinical treatment, either: surgery, hormone therapy, or counselling is required.

Australia does have recognition of nonbinary gender through the X marker on legal documentation. However it's not recognised in new south wales

The Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Act of 1986 prevents discriminatory activities, however, the Sex Discrimination Act 1984 provides exemptions for religious institutions.

Sex Discrimination Amendment (Sexual
Orientation, Gender Identity and
Intersex Status) Act 2013

Anti-Discrimination Act 1977 made it to where LGBTQ persons are not to be discriminated against through housing, banking, and other rights

Adoption of Children Legislation Amendment (Equality) Bill 2017

Reduced to 3-months on Jan 31, 2021.

Conversion therapy is illegal in the ACT, Queensland and Victoria. Other states are either planning to introduce a bill, or have not introduced a bill as of yet.

Following the amendment in the Queensland Criminal Code, the age of consent is now equal across all states and territories of Australia.