In 1988, there were 54 recorded legal changes made affecting LGBT people. In the previous year, there were 40 changes made and 25 in the following year. A total of 256 legal changes were made in the 1980s.
- December 31Same-sex marriage becomes banned.Homosexuality is illegal and same sex marriage is not recognized.
- Homosexual activity becomes illegal (imprisonment as punishment).The Guinea Penal Code has stated since 1988 that homosexuality is illegal, with punishment being 6 months to three years in prison and a fine of 500,000 (raised from 100,000 in 2016) to 1,000,000 Guinean francs. If the act was committed with a minor (under 21 years), the individual will face the maximum penalty.
- December 23
- November 15Right to change legal gender becomes legal, but requires surgery.In 1988, the Sexual Reassignment Act passed in South Australia which provided for legal gender recognition after surgery.
- Right to change legal gender becomes varies by region.On November 15, 1988, South Australia passed the Sexual Reassignment Act, the first law providing legal gender recognition in Australia. Federally, there are no requirements for surgery for legal changes to federal documents since 2013 under the Australian Government Guidelines on the Recognition of Sex and Gender. However, state documents have varying requirements. Most states don't allow you to change your gender marker more than once in a 12-month period. The High Court of Australia has ruled that gender reassignment surgery does not need to be comprehensive, just be socially identifiable as your preferred gender. • Any government department that operates at a federal level does not require surgery. • In NSW a gender marker change requires GRS, top surgery, or orchiectomy. • In Queensland gender change requires an application confirming surgery or proof of reassignment surgery. • In South Australia no surgery is required, only proof of psychological counseling. • In Tasmania no surgery is required, they may require proof of psychological counseling for persons under 18. • In Victoria no surgery is required, you just have to attest you are the gender you claim. • In Western Australia surgery is not required. • In Northern Territory clinical treatment, either: surgery, hormone therapy, or counselling is required.
- October 5Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Until 2015, there were no known laws censoring LGBTIQ+ topics in Minas Gerais.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.There are no laws censoring LGBTIQ+ topics in Distrito Federal.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Until 2021, there were no laws censoring LGBTIQ+ topics in Mato Grosso do Sul.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Until 2022, there were no laws censoring LGBTIQ+ topics in Rio Grande do Sul.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Before 2017, no locality or state law prohibited discussion of LGBT topics.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Before 2018, no locality or state law prohibited the free discussion of LGBT topics.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Before a change in policy in Água Boa, no state-sponsored censorship existed in Mato Grosso.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Until 2015 when Cachoeiro de Itapemirim began censoring LGBT issues, no localities were doing so in the state of Espírito-Santo.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Prior to Nova Iguaçu's successful effort to censor LGBT topics in schools in 2016, no other locality had implemented such policies.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.Laws enforcing any kind of censorship in Brazil are explicitly against the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, that severely punishes it. Every time a State Congress tries to introduce a bill like this on a state level, the Supreme Court intervenes on the case.
- October 1
- August 3Same-sex marriage becomes banned.Article 1 of an executive order titled "Family Code of the Philippines" defines marriage as "a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman".
- July 26Censorship of LGBT issues becomes state-enforced.In 1987, House Bill 484 was passed in Louisiana and took effect in 1988. It prohibited sex education from utilising any "sexually explicit materials depicting male or female homosexual activity". Unlike most laws, this was never repealed. In 2024, House Bill 122 was passed and prohibited the discussion of anything relating to sexual orientation or gender identity to students.
- May 24Censorship of LGBT issues becomes state-enforced.Section 28 of the Local Government Act 1988 stated that local authorities could not "intentionally promote homosexuality or publish material with the intention of promoting homosexuality" or "promote the teaching in any maintained school of the acceptability of homosexuality as a pretended family relationship". The law did not create a criminal offence, leaving staff to fear losing their jobs if they breached the rules.
- May 4Right to change legal gender becomes legal, but requires surgery.Officially legalised in 1988. In Turkey, surgery is required to receive legal gender recognition; the minimum age required to get sex reassignment surgery is 18. For one to legally change their gender, the surgery must be conducted at a state hospital. In 2017, in response to an ECHR ruling, the Constitutional Court annulled the provision of the Turkish Civil Code that regulates the condition of "being unable to reproduce" in order to allow gender reassignment. The request for annulment of the condition of having a gender reassignment surgery in order to change the identity card was rejected.
- March 24Censorship of LGBT issues becomes state-enforced.Section 28 of the Local Government Act 1988 stated that local authorities could not "intentionally promote homosexuality or publish material with the intention of promoting homosexuality" or "promote the teaching in any maintained school of the acceptability of homosexuality as a pretended family relationship". The law did not create a criminal offence, leaving staff to fear losing their jobs if they breached the rules.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes varies by region.Section 28 of the Local Government Act 1988, which applied to England, Wales and Scotland, stated that local authorities could not "intentionally promote homosexuality or publish material with the intention of promoting homosexuality" or "promote the teaching in any maintained school of the acceptability of homosexuality as a pretended family relationship". The law did not create a criminal offence, leaving staff to fear losing their jobs if they breached the rules.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes state-enforced.Section 28 of the Local Government Act 1988 stated that local authorities could not "intentionally promote homosexuality or publish material with the intention of promoting homosexuality" or "promote the teaching in any maintained school of the acceptability of homosexuality as a pretended family relationship". The law did not create a criminal offence, leaving staff to fear losing their jobs if they breached the rules. This law extends to Scotland.
- March 4Equal age of consent becomes unequal.
- (date unknown)Gender-affirming care becomes restricted.Turkey required proof of sterilisation before gender affirming surgeries could be performed, additionally, applicants were required by law to be 18 or older. From 2014 onwards, gender-affirming care was covered under the national social security program.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes state-enforced.An archaic 1988 law "banning homosexual or gay topics within school classrooms" was made.
- Censorship of LGBT issues becomes no censorship.In Mozambique, there are no laws restricting the discussion or promotion of LGBTQ+ topics since 1988.
- January 1Blood donations by MSMs becomes banned (indefinite deferral).no description
- Same-sex marriage becomes banned.Published in 1988, the Marshall Islands government legislation established rules for registering births, deaths, and marriages. The expressions used for marriages only described different-sex couples (i.e., one man, and one woman) and did not include any information relating to same-sex marriage. No gay marriages have been officiated in the Marshall Islands.
- (date unknown)
- Right to change legal gender becomes legal, but requires surgery.Transgender citizens are permitted to change their legal gender in Taiwan provided they undergo gender re-assignment surgery.. In 2008 the Taiwanese Health Department announced it would recommend that female to male transexuals would no longer be required
- Homosexual activity becomes male illegal, female legal.According to sections 136–142 of the The Criminal Offences Act, the maximum penalty for same-sex sexual activity in Tonga is 10 years in prison and whipping. Decriminalization pending.
LGBT Organizations Founded in 1988
COLAGE
COLAGE unites people with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and/or queer parents into a network of peers and supports them as they nurture and empower each other to be…GLEN; Gay And Lesbian Equality Network
GLEN's vision for equality, as articulated in the Building Sustainable Change programme is that of full participation by lesbian, gay and bisexual people in all aspects of life…Equality Tasmania