- Homosexuality
- ⚢✔ Legal
- Gay Marriage
- ⚭✖ Unrecognized
- Censorship
- ✔ No censorship
- Changing Gender
- ✖ Legal, but requires surgery
- Non-binary gender recognition
- ✖ Not legally recognized
- Discrimination
- ✖ Illegal in some contexts
- Employment Discrimination
- ✔ Sexual orientation and gender identity
- Housing Discrimination
- ✔ Sexual orientation and gender identity
- Adoption
- ✖ Single only
- Military
- ✖ Lesbians, gays, bisexuals permitted, transgender people banned
- Donating Blood
- ✔ Legal
- Conversion Therapy
- ✖ Not banned
- Age of Consent
- ✔ Equal
Public Opinion
According to recent survey data, there appears to be strong opposition to LGBTQ+ rights in Kazakhstan.
OPPOSE
SUPPORT
Kazakhstan Surveys
Orthodox Christian Support for Church's Position of Refusing to Perform Same-Sex Marriage
(Pew Research Center, 2017)
History
Same-sex marriage in Kazakhstan is unrecognized.
Current status
Unrecognized
Neither same-sex marriage nor civil unions are recognized
Censorship of LGBT Issues in Kazakhstan is no censorship.
Current status
No censorship
In Kazakhstan, there are no laws restricting the discussion or promotion of LGBTQ+ topics.
Right to change legal gender in Kazakhstan is legal, but requires surgery.
Current status
Since 2022
Since 2022
Legal, but requires surgery
surgery required
Legal, but requires surgery
Since 2003, Transgender individuals have been allowed to change legal gender in Kazakhstan. People who wanted to change their gender had to receive a diagnosis of "gender identity disorder" involving several medical tests and a 30-day psychiatric evaluation. In 2011, new guidelines were established and allowed change to identity documents only after sex reassignment surgery, physical and psychiatric medical examinations, hormone therapy and sterilization. Additionally, people under 21 are not allowed to change their gender on their official identity documents.
Legal recognition of non-binary gender in Kazakhstan is not legally recognized.
Current status
Not legally recognized
There is no legal recognition of non-binary gender.
LGBT discrimination in Kazakhstan is illegal in some contexts.
Current status
Since 2022
Since 2022
Illegal in some contexts
May be illegal depending on the case
LGBT employment discrimination in Kazakhstan is sexual orientation and gender identity.
Current status
Sexual orientation and gender identity
According to the Constitution, any kind of discrimination is illegal. Even though neither sexuality nor gender identity is included explicitly, the official list of mental illnesses of the Republic of Kazakhstan does not include either of the sexualities nor gender identities. And therefore, since a person does not have any reason to be considered incompetent, they have the right to be employed (Article 24 of the Constitution). And therefore, discrimination in employment in Kazakhstan is completely protected
LGBT housing discrimination in Kazakhstan is sexual orientation and gender identity.
Current status
Sexual orientation and gender identity
According to the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan the people's right housing shall not be violable (Article 25 of the Constitution). And even though neither sexual orientation nor gender identity is included into the protected categories of people from discrimination explicitly, as neither of them is viewed as a mental illness in Kazakhstan, a non-cishet person may not be considered incompetent. And therefore, their rights to housing may not be discriminated against
Serving openly in military in Kazakhstan is lesbians, gays, bisexuals permitted, transgender people banned.
Current status
Since 2022
Since 2022
Lesbians, gays, bisexuals permitted, transgender people banned
The ministry of Defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2022, said in an interview that no one is banned from serving in the military because of their sexual orientation. But transgender people are not allowed to serve.
Blood donations by MSMs in Kazakhstan is legal.
Current status
Legal
No restrictions.
Conversion therapy in Kazakhstan is not banned.
Current status
Since Aug 25, 1991
Since Aug 25, 1991
Not banned
No laws are in place against conversion therapy.
Equal age of consent in Kazakhstan is equal.
Current status
Since Jul 16, 1997
Since Jul 16, 1997
Equal
The law sets the age of consent as 16 for all sexual activities ("sodomy and "lesbianism" included explicitly.)
LGBT Rights by Region
View the LGBT laws in each individual region of Kazakhstan.
- Ongtüstik Qazaqstan oblysy
- Pavlodar oblysy
- Qaraghandy oblysy
- Qostanay oblysy
- Qyzylorda oblysy
- Shyghys Qazaqstan oblysy
- Soltüstik Qazaqstan oblysy
- Zhambyl oblysy
- Almaty (city)
- Astana (city)
- Bayqongyr (city)
Equality Rank
#91
Interest Rank based on Equaldex traffic ?
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Alternative names: Qazaqstan (local name)
