- Homosexuality
- ⚢✔ Legal
- Gay Marriage
- ⚭✖ Unregistered cohabitation
- Censorship
- ✔ No censorship
- Changing Gender
- ✖ Legal, but requires surgery
- Gender-Affirming Care
- ✔ Legal
- Non-Binary Gender Recognition
- ✖ Not legally recognized
- Discrimination
- ✔ Illegal
- Employment Discrimination
- ✔ Sexual orientation and gender identity
- Housing Discrimination
- ✔ Sexual orientation and gender identity
- Adoption
- ✖ Single only
- Intersex Infant Surgery
- ✖ Not banned
- Military
- ✔ Legal
- Donating Blood
- ✖ Banned (1-year deferral)
- Conversion Therapy
- ✖ Not banned
- Age of Consent
- ✔ Equal
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Public Opinion
Recent studies in Slovakia have revealed a prevalence of resistance towards LGBTQ+ rights.
OPPOSE
SUPPORT
Perception of LGBTQ+ People
Survey results from 12 LGBTQ+ Equaldex users who lived in or visited Slovakia.
Overall
Perceived Safety**Survey results represent personal perceptions of safety and may not be indicative of current actual conditions.
Equal Treatment
Visibility & Representation
Culture
Services
History
Homosexual activity in Slovakia is legal.
Current status
Since Jan 1, 1961
Legal
Homosexuality was legalized in the former Czechoslovakia.
Same-sex marriage in Slovakia is unregistered cohabitation.
Current status
Since 2018
Unregistered cohabitation
Since 2018, Slovakia recognizes a close person, defined as a sibling or a spouse. A family member or a person in a relationship shall be considered under law a close person if an injury suffered by one of them is "reasonably felt by the other person as an injury suffered by him or her." Limited rights are granted, namely in the area of inheritance.
Censorship of LGBT issues in Slovakia is no censorship.
Current status
No censorship
In Slovakia, there are no laws restricting the discussion or promotion of LGBTQ+ topics.
Right to change legal gender in Slovakia is legal, but requires surgery.
Current status
Since Nov 21, 2023
Legal, but requires surgery
Previous government guidelines allowing changes with only a medical diagnosis were revoked for "the stability of the coalition" hence surgery was once again required.
Legal, but requires medical diagnosis
Ministry of Health approved a Public Health Standard, eliminating the forced sterilisation requirement for changing the gender marker in the Registry Office.
Legal, but requires surgery
In 1975, the first sex reassignment surgery in Czechoslovakia and the associated change of legal gender took place in the clinic in Brno.
Until 1975
Illegal
Legal gender change is impossible
Gender-affirming care in Slovakia is legal.
Current status
Since Mar 3, 2023
Legal
There are no excessive restrictions placed specifically on transgender people's access to gender-affirming care. This guidance has been revoked and reinstated multiple times, they were last reinstated on 3/3/23
Legal recognition of non-binary gender in Slovakia is not legally recognized.
Current status
Not legally recognized
Slovakia is believed to not officially recognise non-binary genders.
LGBT discrimination in Slovakia is illegal.
Current status
Since May 22, 2013
Illegal
The Anti-Discrimination Act (Slovak: Antidiskriminačný zákon) was adopted in 2004, to comply with the European Union's requirements on anti-discrimination law in its member states. The act, broadened in 2008, made it illegal to discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity in a wide variety of areas, including employment, education, housing, social care and the provision of goods and services.
In May 2013, the Criminal Code was amended to include sexual orientation as a ground for hate crimes, allowing harsher penalties for crimes motivated by homophobia. Additionally, hate speech on the basis of sexual orientation was outlawed.
The government, however, did not always enforce these protections.
In May 2013, the Criminal Code was amended to include sexual orientation as a ground for hate crimes, allowing harsher penalties for crimes motivated by homophobia. Additionally, hate speech on the basis of sexual orientation was outlawed.
The government, however, did not always enforce these protections.
LGBT housing discrimination in Slovakia is sexual orientation and gender identity.
Current status
Since Apr 1, 2008
Sexual orientation and gender identity
In 2008, Slovakia passed an amendment to its Law on Equal Treatment in Certain Areas and Protection against Discrimination by adding sexual orientation and gender identification as protected characteristics from discrimination in employment.
Intersex infant surgery in Slovakia is not banned.
Current status
Not banned
There is no official ban on unnecessary sex reassignment operations in infants in Slovakia.
Blood donations by MSMs in Slovakia is banned (1-year deferral).
Current status
Banned (1-year deferral)
Changes pending.
Conversion therapy in Slovakia is not banned.
Current status
Not banned
Conversion therapy is legal in Slovakia and often promoted by religious authorities.
LGBT Rights by Region
View the LGBT laws in each individual region of Slovakia.
Equality Rank
#133
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Common queries:
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Alternative names: Slovensko (local name)
