1900s in LGBT Rights

Number of LGBT-related laws changed over time
  • January 29
    Homosexual activity becomes illegal (imprisonment as punishment).
    Laws of Washington 1909 c 249 § 204 amended the state's sodomy law to include oral sex, added a clause to specifically criminalize voluntarily submitting to 'carnal knowledge', and lowered the penalty to "imprisonment in the state penitentiary for not more than ten years".
  • (date unknown)
    Homosexual activity becomes illegal (other penalty).
    California enacted a law in 1909 that provided for the sterilization of persons convicted two or more times of sexual offences if they showed evidence while in prison of being a "moral or sexual pervert". During this period, an estimated 20,000 people were sterilised, many for same-sex sexual intercourse. The law allowing sterilisation was not repealed until 1972 but they were rare after 1950.
  • (date unknown)
    Right to change legal gender becomes ambiguous.
    From 1908 until 1933, transvestite passes were handed out to trans and cross-dressing Germans as a de facto recognition of their gender identity or expression. However there were no known provisions that legally changed one's gender. These were revoked when the Nazis came to power.
  • February 22
    Censorship of LGBT issues becomes state-enforced.
    In Eswatini, there are no explicit laws restricting the discussion or promotion of LGBTQ+ topics. However, there have been cases as recent as 2022 ruling the NGOs for LGBTIQ+ rights cannot register as homosexuality is illegal since 1907.
  • Equal age of consent becomes female equal, male n/a.
    The age of consent in Eswatini is 18 for heterosexual sex. However, sodomy is illegal in Eswatini so the age of consent is irrelevant for males. Regarding lesbian sex, due to there being no laws criminalizing it, the age of consent is also 18.
  • Homosexual activity becomes male illegal, female legal.
    Sodomy in Eswatini is considered illegal under the 1907 Roman-Dutch common law, that Eswatini uses as their own. The common laws carry penalties ranging from death to lesser punishments as decided by the court. The term “sodomy” was defined by the courts as “unlawful and intentional sexual relations per anum between two human males.” However, punishment is not enforced, and The Minister of Justice has consistently stated that their policy is to refrain from prosecuting consenting adults.
  • (date unknown)
    Homosexual activity becomes legal.
    The Qing Dynasty decriminalized being gay in 1907 in an attempt to modernize, leading the succeeding states to have no anti-gay laws
  • August 24
    Equal age of consent becomes equal.
    When Argentina decriminalised homosexuality in 1903, the age of consent was the same as for heterosexual sex at 21, although both would be lowered.
  • Homosexual activity becomes legal.
    In 1903, the Argentine Penal Code was amended to remove all mentions of sodomy as a crime.
  • (date unknown)
    Equal age of consent becomes n/a.
    From 1903 until 1957, homosexual sex was criminalized, so there was no legal age of consent for same-sex sexual activity.
  • Homosexual activity becomes illegal (imprisonment as punishment).
    In 1903, King Rama V introduced punishments for homosexuality in order to look modern to Western observers. The punishment was fines and/or imprisonment. However, the law seems to have not been enforced.
  • May 1
    Homosexual activity becomes male illegal, female legal.
    The 1902 Criminal Code criminalised “indecent practices between males” with up to three years in prison in Western Australia. The 1913 Criminal Code of Western Australia came into effect in 1914 and criminalised sodomy. It is currently unknown what the penalty was. Lesbianism remained legal however.
  • (date unknown)
    Equal age of consent becomes n/a.
    Not applicable since same-sex sexual relationships are illegal.
  • Homosexual activity becomes illegal (imprisonment as punishment).
    Homosexuality was first criminalised in Uganda in 1902 when it became a British protectorate and inherited the nation’s anti-gay laws. Section 145 of the penal code in 1950 indicates any carnal knowledge against nature is punishable for 7 years to life in prison.
  • June 11
    Homosexual activity becomes male illegal, female legal.
    From 1901 until 2024, “buggery” was criminalized with a punishment of up to ten years in prison.
  • October 31
    Homosexual activity becomes illegal (up to life in prison as punishment).
    New South Wales’ Crimes Act of 1900 also applied in the Australian Capital Territory and criminalised buggery with life imprisonment.
  • Homosexual activity becomes illegal (up to life in prison as punishment).
    The 1900 Crimes Act initially punished buggery with a life sentence in New South Wales until 1924.