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Public Opinion

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History

Homosexual activity in Ville de Kigali

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Homosexual activity in Ville de Kigali is legal.

Current status
Legal
Rwanda does not criminalise gay sex, but homophobic attitudes are common throughout the nation.
Details
Sources:
www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/tex…
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Same-sex marriage in Ville de Kigali

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Same-sex marriage in Ville de Kigali is banned.

Current status
Since May 26, 2003
Banned
The Constitution of Rwanda, adopted in May 2003, defines marriage as a union between a man and a woman. Article 26 states: "Only civil monogamous marriage between a man and a woman is recognized."
Details
Sources:
web.archive.org/web/2010052…
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Until May 25, 2003
Unrecognized
Until 2003, there was no explicit ban on same-sex marriage in Rwanda. However, there was also no legal recognition provided to same-sex couples.
Details
Sources:
web.archive.org/web/2010052…
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Censorship of LGBT issues in Ville de Kigali

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Censorship of LGBT issues in Ville de Kigali is no censorship.

Current status
No censorship
In Rwanda, there are no laws restricting the discussion or promotion of LGBTQ+ topics.

However, LGBTIQ+ people are frequently detained by police under vaguely worded laws against "deviant acts or behaviours" and laws against "acts which hurt public decency".
Details
Sources:
www.state.gov/reports/2023-…
www.vice.com/en/article/rwa…
rightsinexile.org/sexual-or…
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Right to change legal gender in Ville de Kigali

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Right to change legal gender in Ville de Kigali is illegal.

Current status
Illegal
There is no legal gender recognition provided in Rwanda.
Details
Sources:
www.dw.com/en/rwanda-activi…
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Gender-affirming care in Ville de Kigali

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Gender-affirming care in Ville de Kigali is restricted.

Current status
Restricted
In 1986, Rwanda legalized sterilization, which de facto meant legalizing sex reassignment surgery, however, medical records regarding transsexualism had to be obtained abroad. Hormone therapy is not available however.
Details
Sources:
www.rhsupplies.org/uploads/…
irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-i…
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Legal recognition of non-binary gender in Ville de Kigali

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Legal recognition of non-binary gender in Ville de Kigali is not legally recognized.

Current status
Not legally recognized
There is no legal recognition in Rwanda.
Details
Sources:
ilga.org/downloads/ILGA_Wor…
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LGBT discrimination in Ville de Kigali

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LGBT discrimination in Ville de Kigali is illegal in some contexts.

Current status
Since Oct 15, 2021
Illegal in some contexts
Laws relating to the Protection of Personal Data and Privacy (Law 58 of 2021) defines sensitive personal data as information revealing a person’s sexual life.

There are some protections based on sexual orientation and gender identity issued by the Government of Rwanda:

-Standard Operating Procedures on identifying and safeguarding
vulnerable persons under the Migration and Economic Development Partnership, April 2024.
-Asylum and humanitarian protection decision making Standard Operating
Procedures, April 2024.
-Manual on Refugee Appeal Tribunal Standard Operating Procedures,
April 2024.
Details
Sources:
archive.gazettes.africa/arc…
www.state.gov/reports/2023-…

assets.publishing.service.g…
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Until Oct 14, 2021
No protections
Until 2021, there were no protections from discrimination provided to LGBTIQ+ people in Rwanda.
Details
Sources:
archive.gazettes.africa/arc…
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LGBT employment discrimination in Ville de Kigali

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LGBT employment discrimination in Ville de Kigali is no protections.

Current status
No protections
Discrimination on basis of sexual orientation or gender identity in employment is not explicitly banned in Rwanda.
Details
Sources:
www.state.gov/reports/2023-…
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LGBT housing discrimination in Ville de Kigali

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LGBT housing discrimination in Ville de Kigali is no protections.

Current status
No protections
There are no legal provisions that explicitly ban discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity. Articule 16 of the Constitution protects equality under the law.
Details
Sources:
www.constituteproject.org/c…
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Same-sex adoption in Ville de Kigali

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Same-sex adoption in Ville de Kigali is illegal.

Current status
Illegal
Law 32/2016 governing Persons and Family limits joint adoption only by married couples (spouses). Single people may not adopt.
Details
Sources:
Law 32/2016
www.refworld.org/legal/legi…

childrenofallnations.com/ad…
travel.state.gov/content/tr…
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Intersex infant surgery in Ville de Kigali

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Intersex infant surgery in Ville de Kigali is not banned.

Current status
Not banned
Surgery on intersex infants are legal and widely practiced in Rwanda.
Details
Sources:
www.dw.com/en/rwanda-activi…
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Serving openly in military in Ville de Kigali

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Serving openly in military in Ville de Kigali is don't ask, don't tell.

Current status
Since Sep 24, 2012
Don't Ask, Don't Tell
Law No. 64/2024 Governing the Rwanda Defence Force and Ministerial Order no. 01/Minadef/2012 Establishing the Disciplinary Code in the Rwanda Defence Forces do not specifically exclude LGBT people from serving. However, they include provisions relating to morality and unethical behaviour as grounds for dismissal, prohibitions and serious offences.
Details
Sources:
natlex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/…

rwandalii.org/akn/rw/offici…
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Blood donations by MSMs in Ville de Kigali

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Blood donations by MSMs in Ville de Kigali is banned (indefinite deferral).

Current status
Banned (indefinite deferral)
MSMs are not eligible to donate blood, due to the Rwandan Blood Transfusion Service having concerns over HIV infection rates.
Details
Sources:
www.newtimes.co.rw/article/…
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Conversion therapy in Ville de Kigali

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Conversion therapy in Ville de Kigali is not banned.

Current status
Not banned
Conversion therapy is legal in Rwanda but not widely practiced.
Details
Sources:
www.state.gov/reports/2023-…
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Equal age of consent in Ville de Kigali

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Equal age of consent in Ville de Kigali is equal.

Current status
Equal
Age of consent is set at 18 years of age, regardless of gender or orientation.
Details
Sources:
www.ageofconsent.net/world/rwanda
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Equality Index ?
36 / 100
Legal Rights
40 / 100
This region's Equality Index is based on legal rights alone. Please submit survey results that show the public opinion of LGBTQ+ issues in Ville de Kigali to help improve its accuracy.

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