Same-sex marriage has been legal in Australia since 9 December 2017. The legislation to allow same-sex marriage, the Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017, passed the Australian Parliament on 7 December 2017 and received royal assent from the Governor-General the following day.

In Victoria, there are no laws restricting the discussion or promotion of LGBTQ+ topics.

In 2020, Victoria amended its gender recognition laws eliminating the requirement of surgery for recognition and only requires a statutory declaration from the person themself.

Australian youth outside of Queensland can begin accessing puberty blockers at the age of 10, full HRT is not typically prescribed until 16 and GCS is often not done until 18. However, nobody can access irreversible treatment until 15.

For Oestrogen or Testosterone two independent child and adolescent psychiatrists must do a standardised assessment of psychological development as well as a formal assessment of the child’s gender identification and capacity to understand the proposed treatment. A paediatric endocrinologist establishes the child’s pubertal stage, excludes disorders and discusses with the child and parents the effects and risks of puberty suppression.

For Puberty blockers a young person requires a multidisciplinary team consisting of a paediatrician, two mental health professionals (one must be a psychiatrist), and a fertility expert, to agree treatment is in the child’s best interests. It is then necessary to make an application to the Family Court for authorisation of treatment.

Same birth laws that allowed gender change without GRS.

Equal Opportunity Act commenced in 1995, recent amendment 21 December 2010; religious exemptions apply

In 2000, Victoria passed an amendment to its Equal Opportunity Act to add sexual orientation and gender identity as protected characteristics from employment discrimination. Previously, only sexual orientation was protected under federal law. However, some religious exemptions apply.

Addressed by the Equal Opportunity Act 2010

Adoption by same-sex couples legal since 1 September 2016 under the Adoption Amendment (Adoption by Same-Sex Couples) Act 2015.

No territory or state besides the Australian Capital Territory has banned intersex infant surgery.

LGBTQ+ people are allowed to serve in the Australian army.

(Australia is responsible for the defence of: Heard Island and McDonald Islands.)

In Australia sexually active LGBT people are unable to donate blood unless they abstain from sex for three months. Since 2021, the deferral period within Australia was reduced from 1 year to 3 months without PrEP.

In June 2023, the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) approved a submission from Australian Red Cross Lifeblood calling to remove most sexual activity ineligibility criteria for plasma donors.

Banned by passing of Change or Suppression (Conversion) Practices Prohibition Bill 2020

In Victoria the law about under-age sex is the same for both men and women and for gay and heterosexual sex.