In 1969, Canada enacted the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1968–69, which decriminalized private and consensual homosexual activities between adults aged 21 and over.

Same-sex marriage is legal.

In Newfoundland and Labrador, there are no laws restricting the discussion or promotion of LGBTQ+ topics.

Since April 12th 2016, it is no longer required in Newfoundland and Labrador to undergo surgeries to change one's gender marker.

Newfoundland and Labrador cover the following procedures:
-Breast augmentation (when no breast development for 18 months of hormone therapy)
-Mastectomy with chest masculinization (excluding implants and liposuction)
-Hysterectomy
-Orchiectomy
-Salpingo-oophorectomy
-Vaginoplasty (includes orchiectomy, penectomy, labiaplasty, -clitoroplasty; with or without construction of vaginal cavity)
Metoidioplasty
-Phalloplasty (includes urethroplasty, scrotoplasty, -vaginectomy, and insertion of testicular and approved penile implants)
-Voice therapy

The following are partially covered or covered under certain conditions:
-Insured out-of-province procedures not available in NFLD, at publicly funded facility, with prior approval
-Travel to access out-of-province procedures (airfare, accommodation, meals and local transportation. Some restrictions may apply)
-Hormone therapy may be covered through the Newfoundland and Labrador Prescription Drug Program. NLPDP covers eligible prescription medications for those who are an eligible Medical Care Plan (MCP) beneficiary.
-If the prescription is on the special authorization listing, a physician would have to apply for the product through the NLPDP special authorization process.

Patients do not required a gender dysphoria diagnosis to be covered. As of November 2019, any healthcare provider meeting WPATH credential can assess surgical readiness.

Newfoundland and Labrador residents can change their IDs and birth certificates to a neutral gender marker option.

Newfoundland amended their Adoption Act in 1999, taking effect in 2002, allowing same-sex couples to adopt by changing the wording to: "one adult alone or two adults jointly may apply to a court to adopt a child under this Act".

Section 268 of Canada's Criminal Code (1985) makes aggravated assault illegal, including actions that cause injury or harm to a victim's sex organs. However, there is an exception in Section 268(3)(a) for medical practitioners performing surgeries to establish a "normal sexual appearance." Therefore, medical practitioners performing surgeries on intersex youth is not banned.

LGBT soldiers are permitted to serve in the Canadian military and have been since Douglas v Canada.

Following Canadian Blood Services guidelines.

Banned in all of Canada

In 2019, a bill was passed to equalise the age of consent to age 16 no matter the sexuality.