Compare LGBT Rights in Estonia & Kazakhstan

Equality Index ?
59 / 100
23 / 100
Legal Index ?
73 / 100
35 / 100
Public Opinion Index ?
44 / 100
11 / 100
Law
Homosexual activityLegal
Since 1992
Legal
Since 1998
Same-sex marriageLegal
Since 2024
Banned
Since 2011
Censorship of LGBT issuesNo censorshipState-enforced
Since 2022
Right to change legal genderLegal, but requires medical diagnosis
Since 1999
Legal, but requires surgery
Since 2011
Gender-affirming careLegal
Since 2022
Legal, but banned for minors
Since 2020
Legal recognition of non-binary genderNot legally recognizedNot legally recognized
Hate crime protectionsNo protectionsNo protections
LGBT discriminationIllegal in some contexts
Since 2009
No protections
LGBT employment discriminationSexual orientation and gender identity
Since 2009
No protections
LGBT housing discriminationUnknownNo protections
Same-sex adoptionLegal
Since 2024
Illegal
Intersex infant surgeryNot bannedNot banned
Serving openly in militaryLegalLegal
Since 2022
Blood donations by MSMsLegal
Since 2024
Banned (1-year deferral)
Since 2022
Conversion therapyNot bannedNot banned
Equal age of consentEqual
Since 2022
Equal
Since 1997
Public Opinion
Acceptance of homosexuals as neighbors
(World Values Survey, 2017-2022)
59% Did not mention homosexuals
36% Mentioned homosexuals
27% Did not mention homosexuals
73% Mentioned homosexuals
Justifiability of homosexuality
(World Values Survey, 2017-2022)
16% Justifiable
50% Not justifiable
3% Justifiable
71% Not justifiable
Opinion on same-sex couples as parents
(World Values Survey, 2017-2020)
23% Agree
48% Disagree
16% Agree
56% Disagree
Perceived prevalence of discrimination against sexual orientation (European Union)
(Eurobarometer, May 2019)
44% Rare
34% Widespread
Region not surveyed
Perceived prevalence of discrimination against transgender people (European Union)
(Eurobarometer, May 2019)
40% Rare
24% Widespread
Region not surveyed
Acceptance of same-sex relationships (European Union)
(Eurobarometer, May 2019)
49% Agree
44% Disagree
Region not surveyed
Support for transgender people changing legal gender (European Union)
(Eurobarometer, May 2019)
51% Yes
32% No
Region not surveyed
Support for same-sex marriage in Central and Eastern Europe
(Pew Research Center, June 2015-July 2016)
23% Favor
71% Oppose
7% Favor
89% Oppose
"Should society accept homosexuality?" (Eastern/Central Europe)
(Pew Research Center, June 2015-July 2016)
31% Yes
62% No
7% Yes
85% No
Justifiability of homosexuality
(World Values Survey, 2010-2014)
9% Justifiable
56% Not justifiable
3% Justifiable
78% Not justifiable
Perceptions of local area as a "good place" for gay and lesbian people
(Gallup, 2013)
27% Good place
41% Not a good place
9% Good place
49% Not a good place
Full DetailsFull Details

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