Compare LGBT Rights in Italy, Spain, & Switzerland

Equality Index ?
68 / 100
83 / 100
67 / 100
Legal Index ?
76 / 100
100 / 100
70 / 100
Public Opinion Index ?
59 / 100
67 / 100
64 / 100
Law
Homosexual activityLegal
Since 1890
Legal
Since 1979
Legal
Since 1991
Same-sex marriageCivil unions (marriage rights)
Since 2016
Legal
Since 2005
Legal
Since 2022
Censorship of LGBT issuesNo censorshipNo censorshipNo censorship
Right to change legal genderLegal, but requires medical diagnosis
Since 2015
Legal, no restrictions
Since 2022
Legal, no restrictions
Since 2022
Gender-affirming careLegal, but restricted for minors
Since 2019
Varies by RegionLegal
Legal recognition of non-binary genderNot legally recognized
Since 2024
Varies by Region
Since 2017
Not legally recognized
Hate crime protectionsAmbiguousSexual orientation and gender identity
Since 2022
No protections
LGBT discriminationVaries by Region
Since 2004
Illegal
Since 2022
Illegal in some contexts
Since 2020
LGBT employment discriminationSexual orientation and gender identity
Since 2023
Sexual orientation and gender identity
Since 2022
No protections
LGBT housing discriminationVaries by Region
Since 2004
Sexual orientation and gender identity
Since 2022
No protections
Same-sex adoptionSecond parent adoption only
Since 2016
Legal
Since 2005
Legal
Since 2022
Intersex infant surgeryParental approval requiredFull ban
Since 2023
Not banned
Serving openly in militaryLesbians, gays, bisexuals permitted, transgender people banned
Since 1986
Legal
Since 1977
Legal
Since 1992
Blood donations by MSMsLegal
Since 2001
LegalLegal
Since 2023
Conversion therapyNot bannedBanned
Since 2023
Varies by Region
Since 2021
Equal age of consentEqualEqual
Since 1995
Equal
Since 1992
Public Opinion
Acceptance of homosexuals as neighbors
(World Values Survey, 2017-2022)
82% Did not mention homosexuals
12% Mentioned homosexuals
86% Did not mention homosexuals
13% Mentioned homosexuals
93% Did not mention homosexuals
6% Mentioned homosexuals
Justifiability of homosexuality
(World Values Survey, 2017-2022)
35% Justifiable
22% Not justifiable
53% Justifiable
16% Not justifiable
61% Justifiable
13% Not justifiable
Views on same-sex marriage or other legal recognition
(Ipsos, April–May, 2021)
83% Support
10% Against
84% Support
5% Against
Region not surveyed
Views on same-sex couples' right to adopt
(Ipsos, April–May, 2021)
59% Agree
36% Disagree
77% Agree
17% Disagree
Region not surveyed
Opinion on same-sex couples as parents
(World Values Survey, 2017-2020)
27% Agree
42% Disagree
60% Agree
18% Disagree
49% Agree
25% Disagree
"Should society accept homosexuality?"
(Pew Research Center, May–October, 2019)
75% Yes
20% No
89% Yes
10% No
Region not surveyed
Perceived prevalence of discrimination against sexual orientation (European Union)
(Eurobarometer, May 2019)
26% Rare
69% Widespread
43% Rare
54% Widespread
Region not surveyed
Perceived prevalence of discrimination against transgender people (European Union)
(Eurobarometer, May 2019)
23% Rare
66% Widespread
31% Rare
58% Widespread
Region not surveyed
Acceptance of same-sex relationships (European Union)
(Eurobarometer, May 2019)
59% Agree
34% Disagree
89% Agree
8% Disagree
Region not surveyed
Support for transgender people changing legal gender (European Union)
(Eurobarometer, May 2019)
43% Yes
42% No
83% Yes
8% No
Region not surveyed
Justifiability of homosexuality
(World Values Survey, 2010-2014)
Region not surveyed
48% Justifiable
11% Not justifiable
Region not surveyed
"Should society accept homosexuality?"
(Pew Research Center, June, 2013)
74% Yes
18% No
88% Yes
11% No
Region not surveyed
Perceptions of local area as a "good place" for gay and lesbian people
(Gallup, 2013)
63% Good place
30% Not a good place
79% Good place
14% Not a good place
Region not surveyed
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